Introduction to Infiltration
Infiltration is the process where water from precipitation seeps into the ground. By inspecting the moisture content of soil, we may demarcate four m…
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Slope Stability Info Sheet
Prior to the construction of slope, it is important to ensure the soil mass can support itself. Failure modes of slope include rotational slip, trans…
Concrete Masonry Unit
There are two types of concrete masonry units, namely concrete building brick and load-bearing unit. These masonry units are manufactured in either…
Brick Strength
The compressive strength and modulus of rupture of an individual brick unit are determined via tests. The minimum compressive strength for grade SW…
Evapotranspiration
Evapotranspiration includes both evaporation and transpiration processes. Transpiration is the release of water back to the atmosphere from living pl…
Setting Out for Circular Curve
Locating the intersection and tangent points is the first and the most important step during the setting out of circular curve. After these key point…
Grades and Types of Bricks
Bricks can be categorized based on their intended usage. In this case, we will have four types of bricks: building brick, facing brick, floor brick a…
Masonry Unit
A masonry unit can be brick, tile, stone, glass block or concrete block. These masonry units can either be solid or hollow units. For a hollow unit…
Estimating Evaporation
Evaporation rate of a water body may be determined using empirical equation. Among those equations, Meyer’s and Rohwer’s formulas are commonly adopte…